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concatenation theory
Concatenation theory, also called string theory, character-string theory, or theoretical syntax, studies character strings over finite alphabets of characters, signs, symbols, or marks. String theory is foundational for formal linguistics, computer science, logic, and metamathematics especially proof theory.〔John Corcoran and Matt Lavine, "Discovering string theory". ''Bulletin of Symbolic Logic''. 19 (2013) 253–4.〕 A generative grammar can be seen as a recursive definition in string theory.
The most basic operation on strings is concatenation, connecting two strings to form a longer string whose length is the sum of the lengths of the operands: abcde is the concatenation of ab with cde, in symbols abcde = ab ^ cde. Strings, and concatenation of strings can be treated as an algebraic system with some properties resembling those of the addition of integers; in modern mathematics, this system is called a free monoid.
In 1956 Alonzo Church wrote: "Like any branch of mathematics, theoretical syntax may, and ultimately must, be studied by the axiomatic method".〔Alonzo Church, ''Introduction to Mathematical Logic'', Princeton UP, Princeton, 1956〕 Church was evidently unaware that string theory already had two axiomatizations from the 1930s: one by Hans Hermes and one by Alfred Tarski.〔John Corcoran, William Frank and Michael Maloney, "String theory", ''Journal of Symbolic Logic'', vol. 39 (1974) pp. 625– 637〕 Coincidentally, the first English presentation of Tarski’s 1933 axiomatic foundations of string theory appeared in 1956 – the same year that Church called for such axiomatizations.〔Pages 173–4 of Alfred Tarski, ''The concept of truth in formalized languages'', reprinted in ''Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics'', Hackett, Indianapolis, 1983, pp. 152–278〕 As Tarski himself noted using other terminology, serious difficulties arise if strings are construed as tokens rather than types in the sense of Pierce's type-token distinction, not to be confused with similar distinctions underlying other type-token distinctions.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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